{"id":484,"date":"2026-04-10T16:06:34","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T08:06:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maplewoodu.edulink.cc\/vn\/deployment-diagrams-explained-beginner-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-04-10T16:06:34","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T08:06:34","slug":"deployment-diagrams-explained-beginner-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/maplewoodu.edulink.cc\/vn\/deployment-diagrams-explained-beginner-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tri\u1ec3n khai: T\u1ed5ng quan to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u then ch\u1ed1t. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u0129nh v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u01a1i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1y. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00e1c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 DevOps. N\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf logic v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ee9c tranh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tri\u1ec3n khai, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

\n
\"Marker-style<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tri\u1ec3n khai l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \ud83d\udca1<\/h2>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t (UML). N\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u00fat (nodes), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m (artifacts) n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean ch\u00fang. N\u00f3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n

Trong khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec, v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, th\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd. N\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u00fat x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • G\u00f3c nh\u00ecn V\u1eadt l\u00fd:<\/strong> N\u00f3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n
  • B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> N\u00f3 minh h\u1ecda m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u01a1i n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n
  • B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng:<\/strong> N\u00f3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u01b0 th\u1eeba v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cao, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u n\u00fat ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng song song. N\u1ebfu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t n\u00fat t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 kh\u1ecfi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh \ud83d\udd27<\/h2>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n. Nh\u1eefng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn.<\/p>\n

    1. N\u00fat (Ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c T\u00ednh to\u00e1n) \ud83d\udda5\ufe0f<\/h3>\n

    C\u00e1c n\u00fat \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c \u1ea3o. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1c container ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Trong k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n, m\u1ed9t n\u00fat th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ba chi\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt v\u1edbi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t <<node>> \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

    C\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u00fat kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n
    • M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111a m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/li>\n
    • M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ef1c thi:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3o nh\u01b0 M\u00e1y \u1ea3o Java (JVM) ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y container.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n (C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m) \ud83d\udce6<\/h3>\n

      C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c thi ho\u1eb7c kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u00fat. M\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt v\u1edbi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t <<artifact>>.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • T\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c thi:<\/strong> C\u00e1c t\u1ec7p nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/li>\n
      • Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n:<\/strong> C\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n
      • T\u1eadp tin c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> C\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n
      • T\u1eadp tin c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh:<\/strong>C\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u00e0nh vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        3. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \ud83d\udd17<\/h3>\n

        C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u00fat. Ch\u00fang x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n ch\u1ec9 ra giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Li\u00ean k\u1ebft:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa hai n\u00fat.<\/li>\n
        • Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c:<\/strong>Ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u00fat ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00fat kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
        • \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng:<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: HTTP, TCP\/IP, SSH).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u<\/th>\nBi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n<\/th>\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          Kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng 3D<\/td>\nN\u00fat<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/td>\nS\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t t\u1eadp tin ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng li\u1ec1n<\/td>\nLi\u00ean k\u1ebft<\/td>\nK\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u00fat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea5m<\/td>\nPh\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t n\u00fat ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u00fat kh\u00e1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          M\u0169i t\u00ean h\u1edf<\/td>\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t n\u00fat s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb n\u00fat kh\u00e1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          Hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 N\u00fat v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n

          Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t n\u00fat v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 r\u1ed1i m\u1eaft.<\/p>\n

          N\u00fat nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a<\/h3>\n

          M\u1ed9t n\u00fat \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a. H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc h\u1ed9p v\u1eadt l\u00fd. B\u00ean trong chi\u1ebfc h\u1ed9p n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00fat x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u00fat. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh x\u1eed l\u00fd. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng web \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e1c n\u00fat c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p. M\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (VM) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u00fat b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t n\u00fat m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd. M\u1ed9t container c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u00fat b\u00ean trong VM. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap h\u00ecnh dung r\u00f5 h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

          \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ed9i dung<\/h3>\n

          C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a n\u00fat. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, tri\u1ec3n khai ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c thi. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c thi; n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00f3 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u00fat m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c g\u00f3i. M\u1ed9t g\u00f3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean quan, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u00eda sau cho m\u1ed9t microservice c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

          B\u1ea3ng: So s\u00e1nh N\u00fat v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/th>\nN\u00fat<\/th>\n\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          Vai tr\u00f2<\/td>\nM\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c thi<\/td>\nTh\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/td>\nThi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c M\u00e1y \u1ea3o<\/td>\nT\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/td>\nM\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web, M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\nT\u1ec7p WAR, T\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh SQL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/td>\nCh\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nCh\u1ea1y tr\u00ean n\u00fat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

          Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 ch\u00fang v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/h3>\n

          B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 phi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. \u0110\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng? N\u00f3 c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp cao y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed9 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/li>\n
          • Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c n\u00fat t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u00e3 h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n
          • Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c n\u00fat<\/h3>\n

            Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m \u201cPh\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc (Front End)\u201d.<\/p>\n

              \n
            • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch (di \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n, IoT).<\/li>\n
            • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u1eadp tin).<\/li>\n
            • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng (b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn, t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: \u0110\u1eb7t c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/h3>\n

              G\u00e1n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u00fat. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t n\u00fat c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n
              • \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u00fat l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n
              • \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u00fat d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/h3>\n

                V\u1ebd c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u00fat. G\u1eafn nh\u00e3n c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. H\u00e3y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u00eanh truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HTTPS cho l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng web an to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n
                • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSH \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eeb xa.<\/li>\n
                • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 cho sao ch\u00e9p c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: Xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

                  Ki\u1ec3m tra s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u00fat \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

                  C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \ud83d\udccf<\/h2>\n

                  M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ed1t truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng tin ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. N\u00f3 n\u00ean d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • Gi\u1eef \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 cao:<\/strong>Kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u1eebng t\u1ec7p tin m\u1ed9t. T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng.<\/li>\n
                  • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng (stereotypes):<\/strong>Nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c n\u00fat l\u00e0 <<Server>> ho\u1eb7c <<Client>> \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m.<\/li>\n
                  • Nh\u00f3m h\u1ee3p l\u00fd:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c g\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c ng\u0103n ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c n\u00fat li\u00ean quan, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u201cS\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t\u201d so v\u1edbi \u201cTh\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m\u201d.<\/li>\n
                  • K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t chu\u1ea9n UML \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n trong ng\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n
                  • T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 giao th\u1ee9c:<\/strong>Lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c n\u00fat giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau.<\/li>\n
                  • Tr\u00e1nh r\u1ed1i m\u1eaft:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 ch\u1eadt ch\u1ed9i, h\u00e3y chia n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng so v\u1edbi N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh \u26a0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

                    Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i khi tri\u1ec3n khai. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

                    1. Tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn logic v\u1edbi t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/h3>\n

                    M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac logic (th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n) v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd (n\u00fat). S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n logic, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

                    2. Qu\u00e1 chi ti\u1ebft<\/h3>\n

                    Chi ti\u1ebft h\u00f3a t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP hay m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, tr\u1eeb khi ch\u00fang quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

                    3. B\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ng<\/h3>\n

                    Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p \u0111en. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu hai n\u00fat c\u00e1ch xa nhau v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh l\u1edbp m\u1ea1ng n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

                    4. Th\u00f4ng tin l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi<\/h3>\n

                    C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch. N\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1ed7i khi c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

                    T\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML kh\u00e1c \ud83e\udde9<\/h2>\n

                    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng song song v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

                    M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp<\/h3>\n

                    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c l\u1edbp (\u0111\u00e3 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a logic; s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

                    M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/h3>\n

                    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai cho th\u1ea5y n\u00fat n\u00e0o ch\u1ee9a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a sau khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

                    M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/h3>\n

                    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n lu\u1ed3ng tin nh\u1eafn theo th\u1eddi gian. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh cho c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft n\u00fat n\u00e0o \u0111ang g\u1eedi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

                    M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h3>\n

                    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai cho th\u1ea5y c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u201c\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp\u201d y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t n\u00fat m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

                    C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \ud83c\udf0d<\/h2>\n

                    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

                    1. L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y<\/h3>\n

                    Khi chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 sang m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 sang c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. H\u1ecd tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c khung m\u00e1y v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

                    2. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda<\/h3>\n

                    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cao, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c n\u00fat d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd thay th\u1ebf. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ed7i duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 n\u00fat d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n

                    3. Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n an ninh<\/h3>\n

                    C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i an ninh xem x\u00e9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1ed9. H\u1ecd ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00e1c n\u00fat c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 n\u1eb1m ph\u00eda sau t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda hay kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c truy c\u1eadp t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

                    4. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n

                    Khi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u00fap l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho c\u00e1c n\u00fat b\u1ed5 sung. N\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n th\u00eam b\u1ed9 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 m\u1edbi n\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

                    5. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng lai<\/h3>\n

                    Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 ch\u00fang giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o qua ranh gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

                    K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \ud83c\udfc1<\/h2>\n

                    Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. N\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng.<\/p>\n

                    B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u00fat v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ed9i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

                    M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1eabn l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng. N\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro, l\u00e0m r\u00f5 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

                    Khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng container v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c n\u00fat c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd sang c\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u1ea3o, nh\u01b0ng nhu c\u1ea7u tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. H\u1ecdc t\u1eadp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

                    B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00e9p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c n\u00fat v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3. Sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ebd tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u0129nh.<\/p>\n

                    H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n, ghi nh\u00e3n c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. V\u1edbi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean trong quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u then ch\u1ed1t. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u0129nh v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u01a1i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1y. Kh\u00e1c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":485,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[48,49],"class_list":["post-484","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uml","tag-academic","tag-deployment-diagram"],"yoast_head":"\nDeployment Diagrams Explained: Beginner Guide \ud83d\udcca<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn what deployment diagrams are, their components, and how to create them. 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S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u0129nh v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u01a1i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1y. Kh\u00e1c…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/maplewoodu.edulink.cc\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/484","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/maplewoodu.edulink.cc\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/maplewoodu.edulink.cc\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maplewoodu.edulink.cc\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maplewoodu.edulink.cc\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=484"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/maplewoodu.edulink.cc\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/484\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maplewoodu.edulink.cc\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/485"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/maplewoodu.edulink.cc\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=484"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maplewoodu.edulink.cc\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=484"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maplewoodu.edulink.cc\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=484"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}